How the First Step Act Impacts Your Loved One in Prison

For families with loved ones serving time in federal prison, the First Step Act, passed in 2018, represents not just a piece of legislation, but a beacon of hope. It offers a pathway to earlier release and easier transition back into society, promising to reshape the contours of lives that have been disrupted by incarceration. In this article, I will delve into the intricacies of the First Step Act and explore how it can specifically impact your loved one in prison. Drawing from my own experiences of serving 26 years in federal prison and emerging successfully, I aim to provide practical insights, actionable steps, and hope for families navigating this challenging journey.

Understanding the First Step Act

The First Step Act is a comprehensive criminal justice reform law aimed at reducing recidivism and improving conditions within federal prisons. It introduces several key provisions designed to incentivize rehabilitation and facilitate smoother transitions for incarcerated individuals back into society. For families, understanding these provisions is crucial to effectively supporting their loved ones.

Earned Time Credits

One of the most impactful components of the First Step Act is the Earned Time Credits system. This provision allows incarcerated individuals to earn time credits through active participation in rehabilitative programs. For every 30 days of successful engagement in approved programs, an individual earns ten days of time credits. Additionally, if their risk assessment from the Bureau of Prisons (BOP) shows a minimum or low risk of recidivating after two consecutive assessments, they can earn an additional five days of time credits.

**Example:** Imagine your loved one is participating in a vocational training program that lasts for six months. Each month of successful participation could earn them 10 days off their sentence. If they maintain a low-risk status, this could increase to 15 days per month.

This initiative not only motivates individuals to engage in activities that promote personal growth but also accelerates their path to freedom.

Expanded Home Confinement

The First Step Act places a strong emphasis on expanding home confinement opportunities for eligible individuals. Home confinement allows people to serve the remainder of their sentence in a community setting rather than within the confines of a prison. This shift can significantly aid in easing the transition back into society.

During my time in prison, I witnessed many individuals who thrived once given the chance to transition to home confinement. The ability to reconnect with family, find employment, and start contributing positively to society made all the difference. The BOP now prioritizes home confinement for those who have demonstrated readiness for reintegration by building a stable support network and having a solid release plan.

**Personal Story:** In my last year of incarceration, I was transferred to a halfway house—a step closer to freedom. I remember vividly how crucial it was to have a release plan and support system in place. The halfway house provided an opportunity to adjust to societal norms, but having a structured plan made the transition smoother and more successful.

Participation in Rehabilitative Programs

Rehabilitative programs under the First Step Act are not just about earning time credits; they prepare individuals for life after prison. These programs range from educational courses and vocational training to mental health counseling and substance abuse treatment. Participation in these programs reduces recidivism rates and helps build skills necessary for successful reintegration.

**Common Challenge:** A common challenge faced by incarcerated individuals is the lack of information about available programs. To combat this, encourage your loved one to be proactive in seeking out opportunities. They should communicate with their case managers regularly and express interest in participating in various programs.

**Additional Insight:** Beyond the practical skills gained, these programs often instill a sense of purpose and self-worth in participants. For instance, an individual who completes a vocational training program may not only acquire a new skill but also gain the confidence to pursue employment opportunities upon release, thus enhancing their chances of successful reintegration.

Impact on Recidivism Rates

The First Step Act has had a positive impact on recidivism rates, particularly through its expanded use of home confinement. Statistics indicate that individuals who transition to home confinement have significantly lower recidivism rates compared to those released directly from prison settings. During the COVID-19 pandemic, fewer than 25 out of over 15,000 people transitioned to home confinement returned to prison for criminal misconduct—a remarkably low recidivism rate of just 0.0017%.

This highlights the importance of support systems and structured environments in reducing reoffending.

Self-Advocacy and Preparation

The First Step Act encourages individuals to take initiative in preparing for their release. This involves documenting efforts, building a positive record, and participating actively in programs that demonstrate readiness for reintegration.

**Practical Steps:** 1. **Document Participation:** Encourage your loved one to keep detailed records of their participation in programs and any achievements or certifications earned. 2. **Build a Positive Record:** Maintaining good behavior and engaging constructively with staff can significantly influence decisions regarding earned time credits and home confinement eligibility. 3. **Create a Release Plan:** Work together on developing a comprehensive release plan that outlines housing arrangements, employment opportunities, and community support systems.

Having a well-documented plan can be instrumental when presenting their case for early release or home confinement.

**Additional Advice:** Engage in regular communication with your loved one about their progress and encourage them to share any challenges they face. This open dialogue can be crucial in providing the emotional support they need to stay motivated and focused on their goals.

Resources and Recommendations

For families supporting a loved one through this process, accessing resources can be invaluable. Organizations like Prison Professors provide guidance and tools to help navigate the complexities of incarceration and reentry. The Prison Professors Talent Profile is an excellent resource that assists incarcerated individuals in tracking their progress and presenting their plans effectively.

**Recommendation:** Stay informed about changes and updates related to the First Step Act by following reputable sources and engaging with advocacy groups dedicated to criminal justice reform.

**Actionable Tip:** Consider joining support groups for families of incarcerated individuals. These communities can offer valuable insights, emotional support, and practical advice for navigating the challenges associated with incarceration and reentry.

Hope and Transformation Message

While the road ahead may be challenging, the First Step Act offers a framework for hope and transformation. My own journey from incarceration to success was made possible through diligent effort, self-advocacy, and unwavering support from loved ones. Remember that change is possible, and each step taken towards rehabilitation brings your loved one closer to reclaiming their life.

Reflection Questions and Call-to-Action

As you consider how the First Step Act impacts your loved one, reflect on these questions:

1. What specific programs are available at your loved one's facility that could earn them time credits? 2. How can you support your loved one in building a solid release plan? 3. What steps can you take as a family to prepare for their transition back into society?

**Call-to-Action:** Reach out to organizations like Prison Professors for guidance on navigating the First Step Act and supporting your loved one's journey towards successful reintegration. Advocate for their participation in programs and actively engage in their reentry planning.

**Final Thought:** Encourage your loved one to see this period as an opportunity for growth and change. With the right mindset and support, they can emerge stronger and more prepared to contribute positively to society.

In conclusion, while challenges remain, the First Step Act provides tangible opportunities for change. By understanding its provisions and actively supporting your loved one's rehabilitation efforts, you can play a crucial role in shaping a brighter future together.